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| 68. 海军常用词汇/缩写 2nd Second 第二 3rd Third 第三 5th Fifth 第五 6th Sixth 第六 7th Seventh 第七 A (ALFA) AA Antiaircraft weapon 防空武器 AAW Anti-Air Warfare 防空作战 Abeam To the side of the boat 至侧舷 ADM Admiral 海军上将，舰队司令 Aft To the rear or stern of the boat 至艇艉 AOR Area of Responsibility 管辖区 Aphrodite Radio decoy used by U-boats 二战德国潜艇“爱神”无线电诱饵 AIR Aircraft 航空器 ARG Amphibious Ready Group 两栖后备群 ASDIC For Anti-submarine Detection Investigation Committee, the name given to the British gear for locating submerged U-boats with sound pulses, or sonar 反潜探测装置调查委员会的缩写，是二战期间英国用来搜索潜艇的水下回声探测器的称谓，现在一律称为“声呐”。 ASW Anti-Submarine Warfare 反潜作战 B (BRAVO) BATGRU Battle Group 战斗群 BdU Befehlshaber der Unterseeboote, U-boat command, or Admiral Donitz specifically （德）潜艇司令部，或特指邓尼兹海军上将 BOLD Bubble-emitting canisters that could be ejected by hunted U-boats to mask submarine noises 气幕弹，由潜艇发射用于屏蔽潜艇噪音的罐状 气泡发生装置。 B-dienst Beobachtungsdienst, The German Navy Signal Intelligence Service. （德）了望工作 Ballast Weight, usually cargo or sea water, used to control the buoyancy of a boat. 压载，指用来调节船只浮力的重物，通常是货物或水。 Batten down To close or to make watertight; usually refers to hatches 封舱，封闭舱室已达到水密性，通常是指关闭水密门。 Battle lights Red lights used to prevent showing any light for any distance. Uboats would use them before raising the scope or opening the hatch under battle conditions. Red lights do not affect the night vision of those going onto the bridge. 战斗照明，在潜艇内部使用红灯照明可以避免灯光外泄，同时，也不会影响夜间使用潜望镜或舰桥守望人员的视力。 Beam Side of the boat, as in starboard beam, port beam 侧舷，船的两侧，分为左舷右舷。 Bearing Angle of an object relative to the bow of the boat. 0 or 360 is straight ahead, 90 degrees is directly starboard, 180 is straight astern, and 270 degrees is directly to port. 方位，某物体相对于船正前方所形成的夹角，从0度或360度为正前方，90度为正右方，180读为 正后方，270度为正左方。 Bilge Tank(s)at the bottom of the boat for collecting seepage water 舱底，船底部用于收集渗入水的水柜。 Biscay Cross Crude warning device in the form of a cross which was capable of receiving radar signals in the upper centimeter range （二战）比斯开十字架，通过接收高厘米波雷达信号来提供早期预警的电子装置。 Bletchley Park Facility northwest of London where cryptoanalysts worked to decode German radio intercepts 布莱池利公园，位于伦敦西北， 二战期间在该处设立了破解截获德国电文密码的机构。 Bow Front end of the boat 船艏，船的首端。 C (CHARLIE) CAR Carrier 航空母舰 CARGRU Carrier Group 航母战斗群 CDR Commander 指挥官 CG Guided Missile Cruiser 导弹巡洋舰 CIWS Close-In Weapons System 近战武器系统 CNO Chief of Naval Operations 海军作战部长 COM Commander (when used as a prefix)/ Command 司令官（作为头衔）/指挥权 COMCARGRU Commander, Carrier Group 航母战斗群指挥官 COMCRUDESGRU Commander, Cruiser Destroyer Group 巡洋舰驱逐舰战斗群指挥官 COMDESRON Commander, Destroyer Squadron 驱逐舰中队指挥官 COMNAVAIRPAC Commander, Naval Air Force- Pacific 太平洋舰队航空兵指挥官 COMNAVAIRLANT Commander, Naval Air Force- Atlantic 大西洋舰队航空兵指挥官 Compass The compass heading describes a direction on a circle divided into 360 degrees where 0 or 360 is North, 90 degrees is due East, 180 is due South, and 270 degrees is due West 罗盘，用于确定方向的航海设备，罗盘刻度将完整圆周划分为360度，0或360度为北，90度为东，180度为南，270度为西。 COMSUBLANT Commander, Submarine Force- Atlantic 大西洋舰队潜艇部队指挥官 COMSUBPAC Commander, Submarine Force- Pacific 太平洋舰队潜艇部队指挥官 COMSUBRON Commander, Submarine Squadron 潜艇支队指挥官 COMSURFLANT Commander, Naval Surface Forces- Atlantic 大西洋水面舰队司令官 COMSURFPAC Commander, Naval Surface Forces- Pacific 太平洋水面舰队司令官 COMUNC Commanding Officer, Marauders Unified Naval Command 掠夺者海军总司令官 Course Path of a vessel. A course may consist of several sections, or legs, each on a different heading 航线、航路，船只航行的路径，航线 可由若干具有不同的航向的部分或航程组成。 Crash dive Emergency dive 紧急下潜 Crush depth Depth at which the U-boat's pressure hull will fail. Actual crush depth for any particular boat is unknown, finding out kills you 最大潜深，潜艇耐压艇壳能承受的最大水深，超过后潜艇将发生解体，各艘潜艇的真实最大潜深无法预知。 CRU Cruiser 巡洋舰 CRUDESGRU Cruiser Destroyer Group 巡洋舰驱逐舰战斗群 CV Carrier 航空母舰 CVN Nuclear propelled Carrier 核动力航空母舰 D (DELTA) DD Destroyer 驱逐舰 DDG Guided Missile Destroyer 导弹驱逐舰 DEMS Defensively Equipped Merchant Ships, the British equivalent of Naval Armed Guard aboard merchant vessels 武装商船，二战中为对抗德军 袭击而安装自卫武器的商船，常驻有英军武装人员。 DESRON Destroyer Squadron 驱逐舰中队 D/F see HF/DF 见HF/DF Displacement Size of a ship, measured by the tons of sea water it displaces (a ton being 35 cubic feet). Can be expressed as light (empty) or load (fully loaded) displacement 排水量，船排开海水的吨（英制1吨为35立方英尺）数，用以描述船的尺寸，可以空载排水量或满载排水量表示。 Dive planes Horizontally mounted fins on the U-boat's external hull used to help the boat dive or climb 水平舵，安装于潜艇外壳水平方向上 的舵，用以帮助潜艇下潜或上浮。 DS Destroyer Squadron 驱逐舰中队 E (ECHO) Eel Slang for torpedo （德）鱼雷的昵称 Enigma Designation for the cipher machine machine used by the German armed forces to encode classified messages “谜”，二战中德军加密电文 用的密码机的盟军代称。 ENS Ensign 海军少尉 EUR Europe 欧洲 F (FOXTROT) FADM Fleet Admiral 海军五星上将 FAT Federapparat Torpedo, a spring operated torpedo FFG Guided Missile Frigate 导弹护卫舰 FLT Fleet 舰队 FuMB Funkmess-Beobachteungsgerät, radar detection equipment （德）雷达波探测设备 G (GOLF) GHG Gruppen-Horch-Gerät, installed on a u-boat's bow, this was an array of hydrophones. （德，二战）水听器组，安装于潜艇艏部的水听器阵列。 Gross Registered Tonnage (GRT) Total volume of a ship measured in units of 100 cubic feet, without regard to cargo weight. BdU measured U-boat performance using GRT sunk 总注册吨，船只以100立方英尺为单位测量出的吨位，不考虑载货的重量。二战中德军潜艇司令部以此计算战果。 GRU Group 战斗群 H (HOTEL) HF High Frequency sonar, is used to detect a close range objects and terrain 高频声呐，用于探测近距离物体或地形。 HF/DF (Huff Duff) High Frequency Direction Finding. Allied gear for locating geographic area of a radio transmission source 高频/定向，用于对无线电来源的地理定位。 HSO Handelsschiffsoffizier, a merchant marine officer who entered the German Navy after 1933 （德）商船军官，指1933年后加入德国海军的商船军官。 Heading The compass direction in which a vessel is currently traveling. 航向，船只当前航行的罗盘方向。 Hedgehogs Forward-firing antisubmarine weapon used by escorts that fires a tight pattern of 24 contact fused mortar bombs, which detonated only upon hitting a submerged object “刺猬”式深弹发射装置，可向前发射24个紧密排列的触发引信炸弹，仅在击中水下目标时引爆。 Hohentwiel manufacturer of, and common name for, primitive radar carried on board U-boats （德）霍亨特威尔，二战中德国潜艇装备的简单雷达装置的生产商，该雷达也以此命名。 hydrophone Underwater directional microphones for passive sound detection 水听器，具有方向性的水下麦克风，用于被动接受声音。 hydroplane Same as dive plane 即水平舵 I (INDIA) IAW In Accordance With 依照 I.W.O. Erster Wach-Offizier, First Watch Officer (equivalent to US Navy Executive Officer) （德）首值星官，相当于美军的执行官。 II.W.O. Zweiter Wach-Offizier, Second Watch Officer （德）次值星官 IRT In Reference To 关于 J (JULIET) zkxzyj2005-5-21 07:16:54 K (KILO) KTB Kriegstagebuch or captain's war diary for a given boat （德）艇长日志 Keel Bottom edge of the boat 龙骨，沿船底中心线从船头至船尾的纵通桁材。 Knot Rate of one nautical mile per hour 节，航速单位，每小时航行的海里数。 L (LIMA) LANT Atlantic 大西洋 LCC Command ship 指挥舰 LCDR Lieutenant Commander 海军中校 LHA Amphibious ship 两栖攻击舰 LHD Amphibious ship 登陆舰 L.I. Leitender Ingenieur, Chief Engineer （德）轮机长 LOGRON Logistics Squadron 后勤中队 LPD Amphibious ship 两栖突击舰 LT Lieutenant 海军上尉 LTJG Lieutenant Junior Grade 海军中尉 M (MIKE) MED Mediterranean 地中海 Metox Manufacturer and common name for a primitive form of radar detection equipment(FuMB) used by U-boats （德）梅托克斯，二战德国潜艇装备的雷达波探测器基本型号的生产商，该设备也因此而命名。 N (NOVEMBER) NAV Naval 海军的 NAVSTA Naval Station 海军站 NSSMS NATO Sea Sparrow Missile System 北约海麻雀对空导弹系统 Nautical mile Approximately 1.15 statute miles 海里，约为1.15英里。 O (OSCAR) OPAREA Operations Area 行动地域 OPTASK Operational Tasking Message 行动任务文电 OWI Office of War Information 战争情报办公室 P (PAPA) PAC Pacific 太平洋 Pi-2 Pistole-2 the German term for a type of magenetic detonator used with torpedo warheads （德）手枪-2，二战中德国用于鱼雷战斗部的磁性引信的一个型号。 POW Prisoner(s) of war 战俘 Pressure hull Cylindrical main hull protecting the U-boat's crew and internal mechanisms, surrounded by streamlined external hull 耐压船壳，潜艇的圆柱状主艇壳，直接承受来自海水的压力，保护内部的成员和机械。 R (ROMEO) RADM Rear Admiral 海军少将 RAF Royal Air Force 英国王家空军 Range Line-of-sight distance 距离、射程 ROE Rules of Engagement 交战规则 S (SIERRA) SAG Surface Action Group 水面行动群 "S" equipment Search Equipment used by the Kriegsmarine which consisted of several types of recievers designed to detect enemy radar emissions S装备，二战中德国海军用于探测敌方雷达波的装备，由数种不同的接收机组成。 Silent running Operating with minimal noise to avoid detection on enemy hydrophones. Using a low speed, no unnecessary activity, etc. 隐蔽航行，潜艇采取各种措施减少噪音以躲避水声探测手段的行动，包括降低航速，禁止非必要的活动等等。 Snorkel Retractable pipes fitted to later U-boats that brought air into the engines, and let exhaust out, allowing the boats to run on diesels while submerged 通气管，潜艇上部装置的可收放管，用于向柴油发动机输送空气并排出废气，是潜艇能在潜航状态下使用柴油动力。 SM-2 Standard Missile 2 标准二型对空导弹 SR Submarine Squadron 潜艇中队 SSBN Nuclear propelled Ballistic Missile Submarine 核动力战略导弹潜艇 SSN Nuclear propelled Attack Submarine 核动力攻击潜艇 Stern Rear end of the boat 艇艉 STRIKE TLAM Warfare 巡航导弹攻击行动 SUB Submarine 潜艇 SUBRON Submarine Squadron 潜艇中队 SURF Surface 水面 SUW Surface Warfare 水面战斗 T (TANGO) TASM Tomahawk Anti Ship Missile 战斧式反舰巡航导弹 TDC Torpedo Data Computer. Electromechanical computing device that inputs targeting data estimates for a selected target directly into the guidance mechanisms of all ready torpedoes 鱼雷数据计算机，通过输入特定目标估计数据，计算结果并直接输入所有就绪鱼雷引导装置的电子计算设备。 Telegraph Signal device between the control room and engine room 电报机，特指连接控制舱和动力舱的信号装置。 TG Task Group 战斗群 TLAM Tomahawk Land Attack Missile 战斧式对地巡航导弹 Trim Maintaining a state of neutral buoyancy at a given depth 平衡，保持潜艇在特定深度悬浮状态的动作。 U (UNIFORM) UZO Überwasserzieloptik, a device used on the bridge of a U-boat for surface torpedo firing （德）水面瞄准架，二战潜艇舰桥上用于水面状态下控制鱼雷发射的装置（将望远镜架设其上） V (VICTOR) VADM Vice Admiral 海军中将 VCNO Vice Chief of Naval Operations 海军作战部副长 W (WHISKY) WT Wireless Telegraph 无线电报 Wabos From German wasserbomben, or depth charges （德）深水炸弹的简写 Waypoint Intermediate course destination usually marked by a change in heading 航线上的中途点，通常标志着航向的改变。 X (X-RAY) Y (YANKEE) Z (ZULU) Zulu Common time around the globe (GMT) 格林尼治标准时间 背单词软件_有关航空和空军的一些词汇
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